The foundry industry is also inseparable from silica sand. According to the mineral composition of raw sand, foundry sand is divided into quartz-based sand and non-quartz-based sand. Among them, quartz-based sand has the largest amount and has the widest application range. Quartz sand is also called silica sand. There are two types of natural silica sand and artificial silica sand. Foundry natural silica sand is the most basic, largest, and most important raw and auxiliary material for casting in the casting process. Silica sands have large reserves on the surface of the earth's crust, are convenient and economical and practical for mining, and are widely used at home and abroad. According to statistics, my country's silica sand ore mining and processing enterprises are more than 30O. At present, the total amount of castings in my country has reached nearly 50 million tons, of which about 70% adopts sand casting process, and the main raw material for sand casting process modeling is silica sand. The annual consumption of new sand in the foundry industry in my country is more than 200,000 tons, and the amount of recycled sand exceeds 200 million tons. The natural siliceous sand ore resources in our country are relatively rich, which can fully meet the needs of the domestic foundry market. Casting production has strict requirements on the quality of silica sand (including composition, angle coefficient, surface cleanliness, mud content, reusability, particle size and gradation and other technical indicators). The country has also formulated corresponding standards for casting silica sand. The successive reforms of the casting process have improved the production process level of the silica sand used for casting, and also promoted the continuous upgrading and transformation of production equipment. Scrubbing equipment and roasting equipment have been developed from scratch, the structure has been improved day by day, and the production efficiency has been continuously improved. The production of silica sand has been semi-mechanized to mechanization and partial automation. The production efficiency of each production line has increased from 20 tons per hour to 40-50 The annual production capacity can reach more than 200,000 tons per ton hour (the northern part has only 6 months of production per year). At this stage, in terms of the number of silica sand production enterprises or the total output, the north of my country has shown a steady upward trend, while the south has shown a significant decline; from the perspective of the overall supply and demand situation, the supply of ordinary silica sand exceeds demand, and there is a gap in high-quality silica sand, especially High-purity and ultra-pure silos are tightly priced and are in short supply. In recent years, one of the gratifying changes in my country's raw sand production enterprises is that they have increased their investment in technological transformation and are developing towards a comprehensive enterprise. The varieties of production are becoming more and more diversified. Washable sand, scrub sand, selected sand, coated sand, etc. have been able to fully meet the needs of my country's foundry production development.
With the development of the globalization of the casting market, the competition in the casting industry is becoming increasingly fierce, and higher requirements are put forward for the quality, light weight, and refinement of castings. It is necessary to widely adopt various new near-net precision forming processes. Sand performance puts forward higher requirements. At the same time, it also increases the difficulty of mining, processing and processing silica sand, especially the country has put forward higher and higher requirements for environmental protection in terms of achieving sustainable development. Selecting high-quality silica sand, attaching importance to recycling, and comprehensive utilization of high-quality resources are the best choice to achieve green casting. In the future, foundry sand enterprises should start from the following aspects to rationally develop and utilize high-quality natural silica sand resources:
1. Adjust the silica sand industrial structure and accelerate industrial transformation and upgrading. Focus on solving the phenomenon of low industrial concentration, large number of production companies, small scale, low output, disorderly mining, and vicious competition. "Small chaos"; focus on promoting joint reorganization to realize industrial modernization, intensification, large-scale, standardization, and ecologicalization .
2. Strengthen the construction of the natural silica sand industry standard system, accelerate the formulation of group standards that match market needs, and promote the formulation of high-quality silica sand standards around the high-performance and high-quality development requirements of the natural silica sand industry.
3. Strengthen the management of sand sources and silica sand production enterprises, establish effective management and supervision mechanisms, and create high-level enterprises.
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